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FLOW OF SUPPLIES AND SUPPLY REQUESTS

Requests for supplies generally flow from the user to the higher supply sources. Where possible, echelons are skipped to accelerate the rate of the request. As reporting procedures become faster and more reliable, it will be possible to better anticipate units' requirements and push the supplies to the units without the formality of requisitions and processing by intermediate management activities.

The CMMC receives requisitions from DMMCs, separate BMMCs, RMMCs, nondivision DSUs, and DSM units that issue their stockage items to customers to fill requests from supported units and to replace stockage items issued to customers. For line items available in corps GSUs, the CMMC prepares a materiel release order (MRO) directing the COSCOM GSU to issue the items. If the items are not available or not stocked in COSCOM GSUs, the CMMC transmits the requisition to the appropriate CONUS NICP for fill. The CONUS NICP ships the items directly to the GS/DS supply unit or to the ALOC-designated DSM unit specified on the requisition. For theater command-controlled items, the CMMC transmits the requisition to the TAMMC. The TAMMC will either fill requisitions or transmit them to the appropriate CONUS NICP for fill.

Supply distribution is through surface and ALOC shipment:

a. Surface shipment. Items in supply classes I, nonmissile component V, and VII and class II, III(p), and IV items that are not eligible for shipment by air are normally shipped by surface. However, depending on urgency of need and aircraft availability, some items may be shipped to an overseas theater by air. As shown by figure 9-4, surface supplies flow primarily to TA GSUs. They are issued to the corps when the TAMMC directs. Throughput of supplies to DSUs from seaports is normally restricted to nonstockage list (NSL) items. However, throughput of ASL items should occur whenever the tactical situation permits.

b. Air shipment. Classes VIII and IX, and maintenance-related class II items eligible for shipment by air that are requisitioned by ALOC-designated units are trucked from NICP storage depots to a consolidation and containerization point. From there, they are flown to ALOC-designated units. If applicable, these units break down the containerized shipments for ASL replenishment or distribution to their forward elements (see figure 9-5).

GENERAL SUPPLY SUPPORT

a. Class I. The CMMC directs subordinate GS supply companies to "push" class I supplies forward to division DS supply company class I points based on personnel strength data, task organization, unit location, type of operation, and the wartime feeding policy. Once actual strength figures are reported in personnel status reports, supported units may begin to "pull" rations forward by submitting requests for rations and ration supplement sundries packs to their supporting DS supply company class I point. Bread items are contracted from HNS or commercial contractors.

At the corps, the supply company (GS) provides class I to the division using unit distribution. Some class I may also be provided to the division via throughput distribution from theater GS supply companies. The class I is normally shipped to the MSB S&S company in the DSA and the FSB supply company in the BSA. For nondivisional support, the GS supply company distributes class I to the supply company (DS). The supply company (DS) provides class I to area customers using supply point distribution.

At the division, the MSB S&S company and the FSB supply companies operate class I distribution points in the DSA and BSA. The rations are distributed to units using supply point distribution.

b. Water. The COSCOM provides potable water supply throughout the corps by demand. Water supply to nondivision units in the corps area occurs on an area basis. Where circumstances permit, engineer utilities teams arrange for water to support units operating in fixed facilities. PM personnel must approve water sources. The COSCOM staff plans water support for operations in arid environments. The CMMC provides centralized supply management, supply data, and information on COSCOM water supply support operations.
Water support requirements. The type of warfare, type of battlefield, and type of environment affect water requirements. FM 10-52 provides water consumption planning factors. Factors that will also affect water support requirements include,

Troop density and personal hygiene requirements.
Command policy on types of rations provided.
Command policy on frequency of showers and laundry support.
Requirements for chemical decontamination.
Engineer construction requirements.
Mortuary affairs mission duties.

Engineer support. Engineer organizations identify surface water sources, drill wells, and perform water point construction support. Construction and maintenance include rigid water storage tanks, pipelines, and water utilities at fixed installations.

Medical support. PM organizations approve water sources and provide routine surveillance to ensure that water quality meets appropriate standards. Water purification equipment operators analyze both untreated and treated water to ensure that purification equipment is operating properly and to verify that water is being adequately treated.

c. Classes II, III (p), and IV and maps.

General. Classes II, III(p), and IV and maps represent a broad range of general supplies that are less visible than other commodities. Nevertheless, they contribute significantly to mission support. While the individual item cost is low, the total required/consumed dollar value is high. Soldiers require clothing and mission-oriented protection posture (MOPP) gear as well as individual equipment and tentage for ****ter. Organizational clothing and individual equipment (OCIE) items will also be required for RTD personnel, medical patients, contractors, reporters, essential civilians, NEO family members, local nationals, and EPWs. The COSCOM staff develops policies and procedures for clothing and issue facilities, and analyzes personnel supply support operations for needed changes in the personnel supply support system.

Concept of operation. While these commodities are grouped as general supplies, the ways they are authorized, managed, and obtained vary. Many items, such as clothing, tents, and office furniture, are authorized by CTA. As an example, requirements for clothing and individual equipment are based on seven climatic zones. These wide variances require the commander and the supporting supply activities to be aware of the unit's mission profiles and to ensure the right stocks are issued or on order.

(a) At the strategic level of supply, other services and the civilian sector jointly use many of the class II, III(p), and IV items. Normally, this will provide a broad base for acquisition and a capability to increase the production base. This allows the commodity commands to rely on readily available supply sources to satisfy normal and surge requirements. On the other hand, there are items, such as clothing and maps, that are unique to the military and perhaps to the Army. Managing these items is much different, and maintaining the production base is much more critical. Generally, these commodities are moved to the theater by SEALOC. This requires the extended shipping times to be incorporated into the stockage requirements. Additionally, using pre-positioned war reserves and operational project stocks must be considered for the same reasons as for major items.
(b) At the operational level of supply, the supply companies (GS) store and maintain the reserve stocks within the theater. Initially, this would encompass any allocated war reserves and operational project stocks. If the items are designated as command-controlled, the TAMMC would perform inventory management. Noncommand-controlled items would be handled using normal requisitioning procedures. Requisitions from the corps DSUs and DMMCs will be passed to the CMMCs and TAACOM MMCs. Requisitions that cannot be satisfied from GS stocks will be passed directly to CONUS. Many of the items may also be available from other in-theater sources such as HNS and the local economy. Those items must be identified to the lowest levels and full advantage taken of the resources that are readily available without placing the requirement on the Army supply and distribution system.
Many items are repairable at the operational level. Foremost is clothing and other ****iles such as tents and air-delivery items. The repair capability must be considered in establishing stockage levels. Any requirements that are satisfied in the theater can offset the requirement for transportation lift from CONUS.
(c) At the tactical level of supply, the supply company (GS) is the major GS supplier for classes II, III(p), and IV and maps. It also maintains a portion of the reserve stocks. The division, brigade, and regiment supply companies/troops support forward units. The supply company (DS) supports nondivisional troops located throughout the theater. Supplies are distributed by either the supply point or unit distribution method. Although the unit distribution method is preferred, a combination is usually used to ensure the required stocks are received as expeditiously as possible. Items that are returned to the supply system must be classified and turned in for repair or disposed of. The requisition and materiel flow of classes I, II, III(p), IV, and VII is shown in figure 9-6.

Planning considerations. Supply planners track the tactical situation, troop buildup, and equipment readiness. This allows them to request critical supplies without waiting on unit requests. It enables them to reorganize supply elements and request backup support for the most critical requirements. Planners must coordinate with their supporting MMC to ensure supply of items that are used sparingly or not at all in peacetime. They must also establish procedures for managing items designated as command-controlled.

Class I, II, III(p), IV, and VII requisition and materiel flow.

Unclassified map supply. The Defense Mapping Agency (DMA) provides standard maps. Requisitions for maps are handled manually, both in the theater and at the DMA NICP. Corps transportation assets deliver maps to the DS supply company class II, IV, and VII points where they are distributed to using units by supply point distribution. Maps are issued to fill established map allowances or special S2/S3 requirements.

The COSCOM MMC determines map stockage policies and reserve stockage requirements. Map stockage should cover requirements for initial operational force deployment/employment and sustained operations for a defined period of time during war, mobilization, or other crisis situations. S2 intelligence staff officers in all unit HQ determine or verify map requirements in coordination with S3 operations staff officers. The S2/G2 staff officers validate requirements for small-quantity, quick-response overprinting; special maps; map supplements; photomaps; terrain-related products; or printing to support a planned operation. They forward the request to the engineer topographic production and control detachment.

These special products do not normally enter the supply system. FSBs request unclassified maps from the MSB's S&S company. The DMMC consolidates requests and transmits unclassified map requirements to the CMMC. If maps are not available at the GS general supply company's map storage site, the CMMC requisitions maps through the TAMMC from the theater map depot operated by a TAACOM map supply detachment or from DMA map storage sites in theater or in CONUS.

Classified map products. Classified map products are requisitioned through command channels by exception. Operations security (OPSEC) SOPs specify classified map product requisitioning procedures. S2/G2 staff officers validate requests submitted to the CMMC for classified map products maintained at the GS-level map storage site.